Wednesday, January 25, 2012

The Function of Norms in a Productive Network (and Why You Should Never Carry a Specimen Basket)


This is an anecdote that I nearly brought up in class on Monday but opted not to as at the time I couldn’t think of a way to aptly relate my experience with the topic of our discussion. However, after giving it more thought I found a few valid connections so I figured I would post them here.

I volunteer at Brigham and Women’s hospital and last week I chose to volunteer during a morning shift. The major duty of volunteers in my department is to transport samples, blood, wheelchairs, and occasionally patients from one part of the hospital to another. Towards the end of my shift I received a request to deliver some specimens from a patient floor to the lab for analysis. Per usual, I took the elevator up to the designated floor and made my way over to the nurses’ station, expecting to pick up two or three bags of specimens. To my surprise the specimen basket was nearly overflowing, and as I rifled through to find the bags that matched the name of the patient I was assigned a secretary behind the counter suggested that I just bring all of the samples in the basket down since they were going to the same place anyways. I quickly decided that juggling about a dozen small bags whilst trying to maneuver through a potentially crowded elevator was not the best of ideas and, after first ensuring that another basket was present should more specimens be collected while I was away, picked up the basket of specimens and headed for the service elevators.

The service elevators are notoriously slow, so I was prepared to wait a while and leaned against the wall. In a minute or so a hospital worker in light blue scrubs rounded the corner and joined me in waiting. I smiled politely when we made eye contact. She did not. Rather, she at first appeared startled at something about my appearance and then continued to glance at me bemusedly for a couple of seconds. Just as I was about to brush it off she said, “You know you’re not supposed to bring the basket down, right?” I replied that I did not and that a nurse at the station had simply told me to bring the whole thing, so I did. I also made clear my intent to return it as soon as I had dropped off the specimens. She looked at me doubtfully at first, then shrugged it off and genially added: “Just so you know for next time.” I shrugged it off as well, until another hospital worker wandered over to the elevators and the scene repeated. I experienced at least three more of these encounters during my trip from the elevators to lab control. After a while the previous advice-givers mentioned to would-be advice-givers who entered the elevator that I had already been informed of my indiscretion. I was feeling pretty uncomfortable by this point and tried to reduce the awkwardness by assuring them that I wouldn’t stuff the basket under my volunteer jacket and attempt to sneak it out of the hospital. Needless to say I was immensely relieved to complete my trip and return the basket to its apparently permanent home at the nurses’ station.

Perhaps this derives from a tendency to dwell on the past but since the ordeal happened I’ve given it a good deal of thought. Firstly, although I may be wrong, I highly doubt that a section of BWH Employee Handbook is devoted to the hospital policy against briefly removing a specimen basket from its designated location. However, the response that my mistake garnered seems to indicate that leaving the basket is a generally well-known practice, one might say a “norm,” within the hospital. Especially when I recall the variety of personnel who advised me of my error, which ranged from nurses to janitors to technicians wheeling around carts with heart monitors, it is clear that members on various nodes in the hospital network are not only aware of this norm but so attuned to it that there is no hesitation to instruct unknowing members of the network of its existence.  

Monday’s class triggered the return of these thoughts and also added unexplored dimensions to them. For example, the impact of rejecting a social norm (whether intentionally or accidentally) on the behavior of members of the network responsible for the norm is oddly specific to who commits the rejection. In the case of the basket, I had made sure that another one was on the desk and had every intention to return it to its rightful place within ten minutes of removing it. Despite this explanation (which as the encounters continued was uttered with increasingly desperate sincerity), each person who pointed out my indiscretion, though they did so with the best of intentions, still appeared noticeably perturbed or at least caught off guard. It would appear that a far more uncomfortable situation is produced if a member of the network that upholds a social norm breaks that social norm than if an outsider does so, which would make sense as their awareness of the norm makes their disregard of it inexcusable. My experience quite aptly reflects this as my fellow hospital workers, who recognized as one of them by my navy volunteer jacket, appeared to feel uncomfortable by my failure to abide by the norm. Also, even though I knew that I was simply unaware of this norm and only acted in the way that seemed the most sensible, I definitely felt an almost visceral sense of guilt and awkwardness.

Another consideration brought about by Monday’s class is the purpose of such seemingly trivial norms. When one considers the many independently moving parts that exist within a synergic network (such as a hospital), it becomes easier to look beyond the face value of these norms and acknowledge the role that they actually assume. Although this may be a bit of a dramatic supposition, one could speculate that the removal of the basket could cause a specimen to be misplaced which could result in a delayed diagnosis which could prevent the administration of treatment which could have adverse effects on a patient. In this sort of scenario it becomes evident that, with the variety of individual yet necessarily interconnected activities that contribute to patient care, one flaw in the sequence of these activities could produce innumerable consequences with varying degrees of severity. As in many large closed networks that are striving toward a common yet complex goal, the productivity of a hospital relies upon the unhindered functioning of the independently moving yet interconnected gears that drive it. Social norms help to ensure that these gears turn in tandem by establishing fundamental but necessary practices that every actor in the network learns to maintain simply through their membership in the network.

Thus, the reasoning behind even the simplest of social norms can reveal just how integral they are to the success of the networks that institute them. By carrying the specimen basket I unknowingly upset the social norm and as a result could have jammed a few gears in the hidden machinery of the Brigham and Women’s Hospital network. I think next time I’ll just make multiple trips.

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